DOI: 10.62796/pijst.2024v1i501

  DOI URL: https://doi.org/10.62796/pijst.2024v1i501

Abstract- Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS), also known as Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (IRS), represent a groundbreaking advancement in wireless communication technology, enabling unprecedented control over electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation. Composed of numerous passive or active elements constructed from metasurfaces, RIS can dynamically alter their electromagnetic responses to optimize signal reflection, refraction, and scattering. These elements, capable of manipulating the phase, amplitude, and polarization of incoming waves, are centrally controlled through sophisticated algorithms that adapt to real-time environmental changes and communication requirements. RIS technology promises significant improvements in wireless communication by extending coverage, enhancing signal quality, managing interference, boosting energy efficiency, and improving security. Additionally, RIS can facilitate precise localization and sensing applications. Despite the high initial implementation costs and the need for complex control mechanisms and infrastructure compatibility, the potential benefits of RIS in creating efficient, secure, and adaptive wireless communication environments underscore its transformative impact on the field.