: 10.62796/pijst
Dr. L.M. Ibrahim, Zagazig University, Sharqia, Egypt.
Published Date: 05-04-2025 Issue: Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): April 2025 Published Paper PDF: Download
Abstract- This paper presents a comprehensive theoretical analysis of semiconductor diodes, covering their working principles, operational characteristics, and key applications. The study begins with an exploration of semiconductor theory, focusing on energy bands, doping, and carrier transport mechanisms that govern diode behavior. It details the formation of the PN junction and examines diode operation under forward and reverse bias conditions, highlighting the influence of barrier potential and charge movement. The paper further explores small-signal and large-signal behaviors to understand diode response under different electrical stimuli. A comparative evaluation of various diode types—including Zener, Schottky, Light Emitting Diode (LED), photodiode, and tunnel diode—is presented, discussing their unique features and functional differences. Special attention is given to temperature effects on I-V characteristics and the deviations between ideal and practical diodes. The study concludes with an overview of semiconductor diode applications in communication circuits and addresses limitations and performance factors affecting their efficiency. The theoretical models and principles discussed serve as a valuable resource for engineers and researchers involved in the design and analysis of electronic systems.
Keywords- Semiconductor Diode, PN Junction, Forward Bias, Reverse Bias, Zener Diode, Schottky Diode, LED, Photodiode, Tunnel Diode, Small-Signal Behavior, Large Signal Behavior.
Published Date: 05-04-2025 Issue: Vol. 2 No. 4 (2025): April 2025 Published Paper PDF: Download
Abstract- This paper presents a comprehensive theoretical analysis of semiconductor diodes, covering their working principles, operational characteristics, and key applications. The study begins with an exploration of semiconductor theory, focusing on energy bands, doping, and carrier transport mechanisms that govern diode behavior. It details the formation of the PN junction and examines diode operation under forward and reverse bias conditions, highlighting the influence of barrier potential and charge movement. The paper further explores small-signal and large-signal behaviors to understand diode response under different electrical stimuli. A comparative evaluation of various diode types—including Zener, Schottky, Light Emitting Diode (LED), photodiode, and tunnel diode—is presented, discussing their unique features and functional differences. Special attention is given to temperature effects on I-V characteristics and the deviations between ideal and practical diodes. The study concludes with an overview of semiconductor diode applications in communication circuits and addresses limitations and performance factors affecting their efficiency. The theoretical models and principles discussed serve as a valuable resource for engineers and researchers involved in the design and analysis of electronic systems.
Keywords- Semiconductor Diode, PN Junction, Forward Bias, Reverse Bias, Zener Diode, Schottky Diode, LED, Photodiode, Tunnel Diode, Small-Signal Behavior, Large Signal Behavior.
