Department of Chemistry, Ram Lubhai Sahni Govt. Girls Degree College, Pilibhit, U.P
JournalPIJST
Volume / Issue2 / 12
Pages1–8
Published03 Dec 2025
Paper IDPIJST212D25001
Views / Downloads22 / 1
Article summary
Abstract
Green chemistry has become an important pathway for making chemical synthesis
safer, cleaner, and more sustainable. Rather than treating pollution after it is created,
this approach focuses on preventing waste and reducing the use of hazardous materials
from the beginning of a chemical process. This review discusses how the principles of
green chemistry are being applied in modern synthesis, with particular attention to
green solvents, solvent-free reactions, renewable feedstocks, catalysis, biocatalysis,
mechanochemistry, photochemical and electrochemical methods, and continuous-flow
processing. These approaches can improve reaction efficiency, reduce energy demand,
limit waste generation, and support better use of raw materials. The review also considers
key sustainability measures such as atom economy, E-factor, process mass intensity,
energy efficiency, and life-cycle assessment, which provide a broader understanding of
environmental performance than product yield alone. Despite encouraging progress,
practical problems related to cost, scale-up, feedstock supply, infrastructure, and
industrial adoption still remain. Recent developments in artificial intelligence, circular
chemistry, and renewable-energy-based synthesis may help overcome some of these
barriers. Future progress will depend on combining environmental benefits with
economic practicality, safety, and large-scale applicability.
Keywords
Green ChemistrySustainable SynthesisGreen SolventsRenewable
FeedstocksCatalysisMechanochemistryArtificial Intelligence.
Citation record
How to cite this article
Sachin Gihar (2025). Green Chemistry Principles for Sustainable
Chemical Synthesis: A Critical Review of Recent
Approaches and Future Perspectives. Procedure International Journal of Science and Technology, 2(12), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.62796/pijst.2025v2i1201
Sachin Gihar. “Green Chemistry Principles for Sustainable
Chemical Synthesis: A Critical Review of Recent
Approaches and Future Perspectives.” Procedure International Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 2, no. 12, 2025, pp. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.62796/pijst.2025v2i1201
Sachin Gihar. “Green Chemistry Principles for Sustainable
Chemical Synthesis: A Critical Review of Recent
Approaches and Future Perspectives.” Procedure International Journal of Science and Technology 2, no. 12 (2025): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.62796/pijst.2025v2i1201
Sachin Gihar (2025) ‘Green Chemistry Principles for Sustainable
Chemical Synthesis: A Critical Review of Recent
Approaches and Future Perspectives’, Procedure International Journal of Science and Technology, 2(12), pp. 1–8. Available at: https://doi.org/10.62796/pijst.2025v2i1201.
Sachin Gihar, “Green Chemistry Principles for Sustainable
Chemical Synthesis: A Critical Review of Recent
Approaches and Future Perspectives,” Procedure International Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 2, no. 12, pp. 1–8, 2025. https://doi.org/10.62796/pijst.2025v2i1201.
Sachin Gihar. Green Chemistry Principles for Sustainable
Chemical Synthesis: A Critical Review of Recent
Approaches and Future Perspectives. Procedure International Journal of Science and Technology. 2025;2(12):1–8. https://doi.org/10.62796/pijst.2025v2i1201.
Sachin Gihar. Green Chemistry Principles for Sustainable
Chemical Synthesis: A Critical Review of Recent
Approaches and Future Perspectives. Procedure International Journal of Science and Technology 2025, 2 (12), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.62796/pijst.2025v2i1201.
The author(s) declare that no specific funding was received for this work.
Conflict of Interest
The author(s) declare that they have no conflicts of interest relevant to this work.
Ethical Approval
The author(s) declare that ethical approval was not applicable to this work.
Data Availability
The author(s) declare that data sharing is not applicable, as no datasets were generated or analysed for this work.
Author Contributions
All authors contributed to the conception, research, preparation, review and final approval of the manuscript and agree to be accountable for the accuracy and integrity of the work.
AI-use Declaration
AI tools were used only for language editing. The author(s) reviewed and verified the final content and remain responsible for its accuracy and integrity.
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